For the black belt, free sparring as well as a thorough knowledge of kata and basics are mandatory. Some styles insist on elements such as breaking for rank advancement especially at the black belt level. Many styles judge a black belt applicant on his character, spirit, confidence and to fully control all his movements in kata and kumite.

To advance from one rank to another, there are periodic exams. These consist of various techniques relevant to the belt desired. Basic blocks, punches and strikes are required on many tests; later kata as well as one point sparring is a requirement for advancement.